10th LBA | Life Processes

MG SCHOOL SCIENCE

UNIT TEST – 01

CLASS 10 – SCIENCE

CHAPTER 5: LIFE PROCESSES

Learning Outcome Based Assessment

Maximum Marks: 25 Time: 45 Minutes ⏱ 45:00

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Write answers neatly and scientifically.
3. Draw labelled diagrams wherever necessary.
4. Each question carries marks as indicated.
5. Total marks: 25.

SECTION A – MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (5 × 1 = 5)

1. Where does the complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats take place?

A. Stomach B. Large intestine C. Small intestine D. Liver

2. Which tissue transports water in plants?

A. Phloem B. Xylem C. Epidermis D. Cortex

3. Which organelle is responsible for releasing energy during cellular respiration?

A. Nucleus B. Ribosome C. Chloroplast D. Mitochondria

4. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body?

A. Aorta B. Vena cava C. Pulmonary artery D. Pulmonary vein

5. What is the transport of soluble products of photosynthesis in plants called?

A. Transpiration B. Diffusion C. Translocation D. Evaporation

SECTION B – ONE MARK QUESTIONS (4 × 1 = 4)

6. What is cellular respiration?

7. Name the two types of respiration.

8. Name the finger-like projections present in the small intestine.

9. What is the function of platelets in blood?

SECTION C – TWO MARK QUESTIONS (3 × 2 = 6)

10. Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multicellular organisms like humans? (2 Marks)

11. Write any two differences between arteries and veins. (2 Marks)

12. How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food? (2 Marks)

SECTION D – THREE MARK QUESTIONS (2 × 3 = 6)

13. Explain how water is transported from roots to the higher parts of a plant. (3 Marks)

14. Explain the structure and function of a nephron. (3 Marks)

SECTION E – FOUR MARK QUESTION (1 × 4 = 4)

15. Answer the following:

(a) What is anaerobic respiration? (1 Mark)

(b) Name the products formed during anaerobic respiration in yeast. (1 Mark)

(c) What is double circulation? (1 Mark)

(d) Why is double circulation useful in birds and mammals? (1 Mark)

MCQ Result

This score covers only the five automatically evaluated MCQs. Descriptive answers require teacher evaluation.

✦ ANSWER KEY – 25 MARKS

SECTION A – MCQ ANSWERS (5 Marks)

1. C – Small intestine. Complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats takes place here.
2. B – Xylem. It transports water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant.
3. D – Mitochondria. It is the main site of aerobic respiration and ATP production.
4. A – Aorta. It carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body.
5. C – Translocation. It is the movement of soluble products of photosynthesis through phloem.

SECTION B – ONE MARK ANSWERS (4 Marks)

6. Cellular respiration is the process by which glucose is broken down in cells to release energy.
7. Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.
8. Villi.
9. Platelets help in blood clotting and prevent blood loss from injured areas.

SECTION C – TWO MARK ANSWERS (6 Marks)

10. In multicellular organisms, all cells are not in direct contact with the surrounding environment. Diffusion is too slow to transport sufficient oxygen to all body cells to meet their requirements.
11. Arteries:
    • Carry blood away from the heart.
    • Have thick, elastic walls.
    Veins:
    • Carry blood towards the heart.
    • Have thinner walls and valves.
12. The small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi. They increase the surface area for absorption. Each villus has a rich network of blood capillaries that absorbs digested nutrients and transports them to the body.

SECTION D – THREE MARK ANSWERS (6 Marks)

13. Water is transported in plants through xylem tissue.
    • Root hairs absorb water from the soil by osmosis.
    • Water moves into the xylem vessels of roots.
    • Transpiration from leaves creates suction pull, helping water move upwards through the xylem.
14. A nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney.
    • It consists of a glomerulus enclosed by Bowman's capsule and a long renal tubule.
    • Blood is filtered in the glomerulus under pressure.
    • Useful substances and required water are selectively reabsorbed, and the remaining waste forms urine.

SECTION E – FOUR MARK ANSWER (4 Marks)

15. (a) Anaerobic respiration: Breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen to release energy.
    
    (b) Products in yeast: Ethanol and carbon dioxide.
    
    (c) Double circulation: The blood passes through the heart twice during one complete circulation of the body.
    
    (d) Importance: It prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and ensures an efficient supply of oxygen to body cells. This supports the high energy requirements of birds and mammals and helps maintain a constant body temperature.

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Total = 25 Marks

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