Thursday 20 May 2021

KSEEB - Science Model Question Paper - 2 Key Answer (2020-2021)

 

Key Answer

MGSS

KSEEB - SSLC SCIENCE MODELS QUESTION PAPER – 5 

Sub: Science                 Sub. Code: 83E                   Time: 3.15 Hour             Max Marks: 80


PART A: PHYSICS

 I. Four alternatives are given for each of the following questions/incomplete statements. Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.      4 x 1 = 4

1. The source of energy in nuclear power reactor is:

A. Nuclear fission reaction                B. Exothermic chemical reaction

C. Nuclear fusion reaction                D. controlled nuclear fission chain reaction

Ans: A. Nuclear fission reaction   

2. Which of the following is NOT a property of magnetic lines?

A. Magnetic field lines are dense near poles

B. Magnetic field lines are closed loops

C. Magnetic field lines intersect each other

D. Magnetic field lines emerge from north pole and merge at the south pole

Ans: C. Magnetic field lines intersect each other

3. The work done in moving a charge of 2C across two points having a potential difference 12V is :

 A. 24 J                          B. 6 J                        C. 14 J                                D. 10 J

Ans: A. 24 J

4. The correct way of using electrical appliances in domestic electric circuit is

A. Connecting electrical appliances in series

B. using an electrical appliance of 880 W power in 5A electric circuit

C. Connecting main fuse to electrical appliances in parallel

D. using an electrical appliance of 2 KW power in 5A electric circuit

Ans: C. Connecting main fuse to electrical appliances in parallel

II. Answer the following questions.                                                        2 x 1 = 2

5. State Fleming’s left hand rule.

Ans:

 According to Fleming’s left hand rule, the centre finger gives the direction of current and middle finger points in the direction of magnetic field then the thumb points towards the direction of the force or motion of the conductor.

6. Name the lens that always produces erect, diminished and virtual image.

Ans:

A concave lens always produces erect, diminished and virtual image.

III. Answer the following questions.                                                             2 x 2 = 4

7. Draw the diagram of the electric circuit used to study Ohm’s law and label voltmeter.

Ans:


8. ‘Bio-mass is a renewable source of energy’. Justify this statement with suitable reasons.

Ans:

Biomass is considered a renewable energy source because its inherent energy comes from the sun and because it can regrow in a relatively short time. Trees take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and convert it into biomass and when they die, it is released back into the atmosphere.

IV. Answer the following questions.                                                              3 x 3 = 9

9. Draw the ray diagram to show the formation of image by a convex lens when the object is placed beyond 2F1 . Mention the position and nature of the image with help of the diagram. (F1 : Principal focus of the convex lens)

Ans: 


10. What is electric current? Mention the use of battery in an electric circuit. Write the factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends.

Ans:

Electric Current is the rate of flow of electrons in a conductor. 

The role of a battery (or cell) in an electric circuit is to supply energy to the circuit by doing work upon the charge to move it from the low energy terminal to the high energy terminal.

The resistance of the conductor depends on the following factors:

  •        The temperature of the conductor.
  •         The cross-sectional area of the conductor.
  •        Length of the conductor.
  •        Nature of the material of the conductor.

11. An electric lamp whose resistance is 20 Ω and a conductor of 4 Ω resistance are connected in series to a 6V battery. Find the current through the circuit and the potential difference across the electrical lamp and conductor.

Ans:

 The resistance of the electric lamp R1 = 20 Ω.

The resistance of the conductor connected in series R2 = 4 Ω.

The total resistance in the circuit

R = R1 + R2

R = 20 Ω + 4 Ω = 24 Ω

 the total potential difference across the two terminals of the battery V = 6 V.

By Ohm's law, the current through the circuit is given by

I = V/R

  = 6 V/24

  = 0.25 A

On applying Ohm's law to the electric lamp and resistor separately, we get potential difference across the electric lamp

V1 = 20 Ω × 0.25 A = 5 V

and that across the conductor

V2 = 4 Ω × 0.25 A = 1 V

                                                          OR

A copper wire has diameter 0.5 mm and resistivity of 1.6 x 10−8 Ω m. What should be the lenght of this wire to make its resistance 10 Ω.

Ans:

Area of cross-section of the wire, A =π (d/2) 2
Diameter= 0.5 mm = 0.0005 m
Resistance, R = 10 Ω
We know that

length of the wire = 122.72m

 

V. Answer the following question.                                                                 1 x 4 = 4

12. State the laws of refraction of light. Different media have different refractive index. Why? ‘The refractive index of glass is 1.5’. What is the meaning of this statement?

Ans:

The incident ray refracted ray, and the normal to the interface of two media at the point of

incidence all lie on the same plane.

The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a

constant. This is also known as Snell's law of refraction.

 Light propagates with different speeds in different media. The value of the refractive index for a given pair of media depends upon the speed of light in the two media.

 Refractive index of glass is 1.5 . This means that the speed of light in glass is 1.5 times slower than the speed of light in vacuum.

                                                                OR

A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Find the magnification produced by the lens. With the help of this mention the nature of the image.

Ans:

f = -15 cm

v = -10 cm

Lens formula: 1/v – 1/u =1/f

1/-10 – 1/u = 1/-15

1/u = - (1/10) + 1/15

1/u = -2/60

u = -30 cm

Object is at 30 cm from the concave lens (on left side).

The nature of the image virtual, erect and diminished.

VI. Answer the following question.                                                               1 x 5 = 5

13. Explain Faraday’s experiment of magnet and coil. What factors can be observed when the magnet is replaced by a coil carrying current? What are the conclusions that can be drawn by you from these experiments? State electromagnetic induction with the help of this experiment.

Ans:

Experiment 1: In this experiment, Faraday connected a coil to a galvanometer, As the bar magnet is shifted towards the coil, the pointer in the galvanometer gets deflected, thus indicating the presence of current in the coil. This shows that only the relative motion between the magnet and the coil are responsible for the generation of current in the coil.

Experiment 2: In the second experiment, Faraday replaced the bar magnet by a second current-carrying coil that was connected to a battery. As we move the second coil towards the primary coil, the pointer in the galvanometer undergoes deflection; all these results show that the system in the second case is analogous to the system in the first experiment.

Experiment 3:

He placed two stationary coils and connected one of them to the galvanometer and the other to a battery, through a push-button. As the button was pressed, the galvanometer in the other coil showed a deflection, indicating the presence of current in that coil. This  proved that the relative motion between the coils was not really necessary for the current in the primary to be generated.

Conclusion: An emf is induced in the circuit changes with the amount of magnetic flux (number of magnetic lines per unit area) changes and magnitude of the induced emf in the circuit is equal to the time rate of change of magnetic flux through the circuit.

Electromagnetic Induction or Induction is a process in which a conductor is put in a particular position and magnetic field keeps varying or magnetic field is stationary and a conductor is moving. This produces a Voltage or EMF (Electromotive Force) across the electrical conductor.


PART: B  CHEMISTRY

VII. Four alternatives are given for each of the following questions/incomplete statements. Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.                                                                           2 x 1 = 2

14. The name of carbon compound is :

A. Methanal            B. Methanone             C. Ethanal               D. Methanoic acid

Ans: A. Methanal 

15. Observe the following stages of extraction of a metal from its ore. Sulphide ore → …………. → Reduction → Purification The process that has to be done in the empty space is

A. Electrolysis           B. Calcination         C. Roasting              D. Oxidation

Ans: C. Roasting

VIII. Answer the following questions.                                                       4 x 1 = 4

16. What is a strong acid?

Ans:

 Acids that give high concentration of H+ ions on ionisation in aqueous solution are said to be strong acids 

17. State modern periodic law.

Ans:

Moseley gave the Modern Periodic Law which states that: Physical and chemical properties of the elements are the periodic function of their atomic numbers.

18. The metallic property of elements increases down the group in the modern periodic table. Why?

Ans:

Metallic character increases as you move down an element group in the periodic table. This is because electrons become easier to lose as the atomic radius increases, where there is less attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons because of the increased distance between them.

19. What is substitution reaction?

Ans:

The reactions in which an atom or group of atoms in a molecule is replaced or substituted by different atoms or group of atoms are called substitution.

IX. Answer the following questions.                                                              3 x 2 = 6

20. The compounds C2 H4 , C3 H6 , C4 H8 , C5 H10 are in homologous series. Why? Write the general name and general formula for these carbon compounds.

Ans:

They have common difference of CH2 among each compounds. They have similar chemical properties. They have same functional groups .

The general formula :- CnH2n

The common name is :- alkenes

21. The atomic number of an element is 20. In which period of the modern periodic table, could this element be placed? Why? How will you decide whether the element is a metal or a non-metal?

Ans:

·         The no. of shells present are 4 n therefore it belongs to period 4.

·         As the elements placed towards the right-side or present in the s-block are metals, therefore this element is a metal.

22.  Why is a metal oxide called a basic oxide? Name the products obtained when copper oxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.

Ans:

Metallic oxides are basic in nature because they react with dilute acids to form salt and water.

copper oxide reacts with dilute HCl, it produces cuprous chloride(salt) and water.

                                                             OR

 The test tube ‘A’ contains distilled water, test tube ‘B’ contains acidic solution and test tube ‘C’ contains basic solution. How could these samples be identified using red litmus paper.

Ans:

The solution which turns red litmus to blue contains a basic solution. The solution from the test tube which turns blue litmus paper to red will be the acidic solution and solution of the test tube which do not change either red or blue litmus paper contain water.

X. Answer the following questions.                                                                3 x 3 = 9

23. Draw the diagram of the arrangement of the apparatus showing the reaction of zinc granules with dilute sulphuric acid and testing hydrogen gas by burning. Label the following parts :

 (i) Zinc granules (ii) Delivery tube

Ans:

24. Explain the properties of carbon due to which it forms large number of compounds.

Ans:

(i) Catenation: The self linking property of an element mainly carbon atom through covalent bonds to form long straight, branched and rings of different sizes are called Catenation.
This property is due to

·         The small size of the carbon atom.

·         The great strength of the carbon-carbon bond.

(ii) Tetravalent Nature: Carbon has valency of four. It is capable of bonding with four other atoms of carbon or some other heteroatoms with single covalent bond as well as double or triple bond.

                                                                      OR

Explain the cleaning action of soaps.

Ans:

Most of the dirt is oily in nature and oil does not dissolve in water. The molecule of soap constitutes sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids. In the case of soaps, the carbon chain dissolves in oil and the ionic end dissolves in water. Thus, the soap molecules form structures called micelles. In micelles, one end is towards the oil droplet and the other end which is the ionic faces outside. Therefore, it forms an emulsion in water and helps in dissolving the dirt when we wash our clothes.

25. Draw the diagram of the apparatus used in the electrolytic refining of copper. Label the following parts.

 (i) Cathode (ii) Anode mud

Ans:

XI. Answer the following question.                                                          1 x 4 = 4

26. a) Explain the formation of the ionic compound magnesium chloride with the help of electron dot structure.

Ans:

·         During the formation of the ionic bond, a single magnesium atom loses two electrons. On the other hand, two chlorine atoms gain one electron each.

·         Hence, magnesium atom becomes cation (positively charged ion) and each chlorine atoms become anions (negatively charged ion).


b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of aluminium metal with steam.

Ans:

2Al+3H2​O→Al2​O3​+3H2​ 

When steam is passed over aluminium , aluminium reacts with steam to form aluminium oxide and hydrogen gas.

PART: C   BIOLOGY

XII. Four alternatives are given for each of the following questions/incomplete statements. Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.                                                                           2 x 1 = 2

27. The materials that change slowly their form and nature are

A. Used tea leaves                    B. Peels of vegetables      

 C. Waste papers                       D. Plants fibers

Ans: C. Waste papers  

28. The pattern of response in the roots of plants is

A. Directional and negatively phototropic

B. Positively phototropic and negatively geotropic

C. Non-directional and positively geotropic

D. Growth dependent and positively hydrotropic

Ans: C. Non-directional and positively geotropic

XIII. Answer the following questions.                                                         2 x 1 = 2

29. Mention the reason for the depletion of ozone layer.

Ans: 

Ozone layer depletion is caused due to the release of  chemical compounds containing gaseous bromine or chlorine from industries or other human activities.”

30. Name any two ancient systems that were practiced to harvest rain water.

Ans: 

khadin, ponds, kuls, nadis….

XIV. Answer the following questions.                                                       3 x 2 = 6

31. How is oxygen rich blood from the lungs supplied to all the cells in the human body?

Ans:

The right ventricle pumps the blood from the right atrium into the lungs to pick up oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. The left atrium receives blood from the lungs. This blood is rich in oxygen. The left ventricle pumps the blood from the left atrium out to the body, supplying all organs with oxygen-rich blood.

                                                                    OR

How are the products of photosynthesis from the leaves get transported to all other parts of the plant?

Ans:

The food which is prepared by the process of photosynthesis in the leaves of a plant has to be transported to other parts like stem, roots, branches etc. Therefore this food is transported to other parts of the plant through a kind of tubes called phloem. Oxygen, a by-product of photosynthesis, and water vapor exit the leaf.

32. The people who live in and around the forest are said to be the stakeholders of the forest. Why? Explain.

Ans:

Local people around Forest are referred to as ''stkeholder''because Locals are depend on forest produce. Everyone uses forest resources in one form or the other. The stakeholders of forest resources include:

  • People who live around the forest areas and depend upon the forest resources for sustenance.
  • The Government Forest Department, which owns the forest land
  • The industrialists who use forest products for various industrial purposes.
  • The enthusiasts for the conservation of wildlife and natur

33. Draw the diagram showing the germination of pollen on stigma and label `female germ cell’.

Ans:

XV. Answer the following questions.                             3 x 3 = 9

34. How do genes control the expression of ‘tall’ or ‘short’ traits in plants?

Ans:

Genes are the section of DNA that carry the chromosome and determine the characteristics of an organism.

Suppose, a plant species has a gene for tallness will give instructions to the plant cells to generate many plant-growth hormones due to which the plant will grow tall. On the other hand, if the plant has the gene for shortness then less plant-growth hormones will be produced, due to which the plant will not grow much and remain a dwarf plant.

                                                                Or

‘Acquired traits of an individual organism during its life time cannot direct the evolution’. Explain this statement with an illustration.

Ans:

Acquired traits are due to changes in the lifestyle, injury, loss of body parts, disuse of some body parts. These are the traits which occur in the somatic cells.These changes occur in the non-reproductive tissues, these cannot be passed into the DNA of the germ cells. hence acquired characters are not inherited.

35. In female reproductive system,

(i) How does an egg from the ovary reach uterus and develops into foetus?

Ans: 

A pregnancy starts with fertilization, when a woman's egg joins with a man's sperm. Fertilization usually takes place in a fallopian tube that links an ovary to the uterus. If the fertilized egg successfully travels down the fallopian tube and implants in the uterus, an embryo starts growing.

(ii) What are the changes that occur in the uterus for the development of the foetus?

Ans: 

During pregnancy, the lining of your uterus thickens and its blood vessels enlarge to provide nourishment to the fetus. As pregnancy progresses, your uterus expands to make room for the fetus. By the time your baby is born, your uterus will have expanded to many times its normal size.   

                                                                    Or

In sexual reproduction,

(i) How does the re-establishment of DNA amount occur in the new generation?

Ans: 

When the gametes fuse during fertilization, the resulting new generation organism gets one pair of chromosome (Haploid) from each parent and thus the chromosome becomes diploid. Thus, the full number of chromosomes is re-established and the specific chromosome number of a species is maintained.

(ii) How is the amount of variations increase among the individuals of each of the population?

Ans: 

Gene duplication, mutation, or other processes can produce new genes and alleles and increase genetic variation. New genetic variation can be created within generations in a population, so a population with rapid reproduction rates will probably have high genetic variation.

36. Draw the diagram showing the structure of nephron. Label the following parts. (i) Bowman’s capsule (ii) Collecting duct

Ans:


XVI. Answer the following questions.                             2 x 4 = 8

37. a) How do the ‘homologous characteristics’ in different organisms help to identify the evolutionary relationships?

Ans:  

organisms that share similar physical features and genomes tend to be more closely related than those that do not. Such features that overlap both morphologically (in form) and genetically are referred to as homologous structures; they stem from developmental similarities that are based on evolution.

b) How does Mendel’s ‘monohybrid cross’ experiment clarify that, `the traits of an organism independently inherit to the progenies?

Ans: 

Genes located on different chromosomes will be inherited independently of each other. Mendel observed that, when peas with more than one trait were crossed, the progeny did not always match the parents. This is because different traits are inherited independently – this is the principle of independent assortmen

38. a) Name the mineral required for the production of thyroxine hormone. What is the use of this hormone to our body?

Ans:

·        The thyroid gland uses iodine from food to make  thyroid hormones

·         Controls general metabolism and growth in the body.

b) What are involuntary actions? Name the parts of the human brain that control voluntary and involuntary actions.

Ans:

·         Involuntary action is the set of muscle movement which do not require thinking. But it is controlled by brain for example beating of heart beat.

·         The part of the brain that controls involuntary functions is medulla oblongata. The part of the brain that controls voluntary actions is cerebrum.





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